图文并茂，从零开始学习围棋规则
围棋棋盘是由纵横交叉的线条组成的网格。标准棋盘是 19x19，但初学者通常从较小的棋盘开始。围棋豆豆提供从5x5到9x9的多种尺寸。
关键要点：围棋的棋子下在交叉点上，而不是格子里。这和国际象棋不同。下面是一个5x5的空棋盘：
棋盘上有三种特殊位置，它们的"气"（生存空间）不同：
围棋使用黑棋和白棋两种棋子。所有棋子都是相同的，唯一的区别是颜色。
基本规则：
先行有一定的优势，因此在正式比赛中，白棋通常会得到额外的分数补偿（称为"贴目"），以平衡先后手的差异。
"气"（Liberty）是围棋中最核心的概念。每颗棋子的"气"就是它上下左右相邻的空交叉点（不包括斜线方向）。气就是棋子的"呼吸空间"，没有气的棋子就会"死亡"。
棋子在棋盘不同位置的气数不同：
当两颗或多颗同色棋子在上下左右方向上相邻时，它们形成一个"块"，共享所有的气。下面的例子中，两颗相连的黑棋共有6口气：
气只算上下左右四个方向，不算对角线！这是初学者最常犯的错误之一。
当一颗棋子（或一组相连棋子）的所有气都被对方棋子占据时，这些棋子就被"吃掉"，从棋盘上移走。
白棋只剩最后一口气（叫吃/Atari状态），黑棋落子堵住最后一口气，白棋被吃掉：
当一颗棋子只剩下最后一口气时，我们称它处于"叫吃"状态。在围棋豆豆中，处于叫吃状态的棋子会显示紧张的表情，提醒你注意！
禁入规则（也叫"自杀规则"）规定：你不能在没有气的地方落子——除非这步棋能吃掉对方的棋子。
换句话说：如果你落子后，你的棋子（或棋子组）一口气都没有，而且也不能吃掉任何对方棋子，这步棋就是非法的。
但是，如果落子能吃掉对方棋子（从而获得气），则是合法的。这种情况在实战中经常出现，是围棋战术的重要组成部分。
如果你在一个"看似没有气"的位置落子，但这步棋能吃掉相邻的对方棋子，那么吃掉对方后你的棋子就有气了——这步棋是合法的！
打劫规则是围棋中防止无限循环的规则。当一方吃掉对方一颗棋子后，如果对方可以立即在原位吃回来，就会形成无限循环。
打劫规则规定：被提一子的一方不能立即提回，必须先在棋盘其他地方下一手棋（称为"找劫材"），然后才能提回。
记住一句话：被吃了一子后，不能马上吃回来，得先到别处下一手。在围棋豆豆中，非法的劫争位置会被标记出来，帮助你避免违规。
围棋的游戏结束方式非常独特：
当双方都连续选择"跳过"（Pass）时，游戏结束。这意味着双方都认为棋盘上已经没有值得下的好位置了。
在正式比赛中，当一方认为自己已经无法翻盘时，可以选择认输（Resign），游戏提前结束。这在职业比赛中非常常见。
刚开始学棋时，不确定什么时候该Pass是很正常的。围棋豆豆的AI会在合适的时候Pass，你可以跟着它的节奏来。多下几局后，你自然就会掌握时机。
游戏结束后，需要计算双方的得分来确定胜负。围棋有两种主流计分方法：
计算每一方：棋盘上活着的棋子数 + 围住的空点数
数字大的一方获胜。这种方法比较直观，是中国和大部分在线平台使用的方法。
计算每一方：围住的空点数 + 吃掉的对方棋子数
数字大的一方获胜。这种方法在日本和韩国使用。
围棋豆豆采用简化的计分方法——棋盘上棋子多的一方获胜。这种方式最容易理解，非常适合初学者。随着水平提高，你可以学习更复杂的正式计分规则。
因为黑棋先行有优势，白棋通常会获得额外的补偿分，称为"贴目"。中国规则贴7.5目（3又3/4子），日本规则贴6.5目。0.5目的设计是为了避免出现平局。
以下是围棋所有核心规则的快速总结：
| 规则 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| 棋盘 | 网格状，标准19x19，初学推荐5x5至9x9 |
| 棋子 | 黑白两色，下在交叉点上 |
| 先手 | 黑棋先行 |
| 落子 | 棋子放下后不能移动 |
| 气 | 棋子上下左右相邻的空交叉点 |
| 吃子 | 棋子所有气被堵住时被吃掉（移走） |
| 禁入 | 不能在没有气的位置落子（除非能吃子） |
| 打劫 | 不能立即提回被吃的一子，须先下他处 |
| 结束 | 双方连续Pass时结束 |
| 胜负 | 领地+棋子更多的一方获胜 |
你已经了解了围棋的全部基本规则！现在就可以开始下棋了。记住：规则虽然简单，但围棋的深度需要在实践中慢慢体会。享受每一局棋，每一步都是成长。
掌握了规则后，最好的学习方式就是多下棋！以下是我们推荐的学习路径：
A Go board consists of a grid of horizontal and vertical lines forming intersections. The standard board is 19x19, but beginners typically start on smaller boards. Cute Go offers sizes from 5x5 to 9x9.
Key point: Go stones are placed on the intersections of the lines, not inside the squares. This is different from chess. Here is an empty 5x5 board:
There are three types of positions on the board, each with different numbers of "liberties" (breathing room):
Go uses two types of stones: Black and White. All stones are identical -- the only difference is their color.
Basic rules:
Going first provides a certain advantage. In formal games, White receives extra compensation points (called "komi") to balance the first-move advantage.
Liberties are the most fundamental concept in Go. A stone's liberties are the empty intersections directly adjacent to it (up, down, left, right -- NOT diagonal). Liberties are a stone's "breathing room." A stone with no liberties is captured and removed.
Stones have different numbers of liberties depending on their position:
When two or more same-colored stones are adjacent horizontally or vertically, they form a "group" and share all their liberties. In the example below, two connected black stones have 6 liberties total:
Liberties only count in the four orthogonal directions (up, down, left, right) -- NOT diagonals! This is one of the most common mistakes beginners make.
When a stone (or a connected group of stones) has all of its liberties occupied by opponent stones, it is "captured" and removed from the board.
The white stone has only one liberty left (in "atari"). When Black plays on that last liberty, the white stone is captured:
When a stone has only one liberty remaining, it is in "atari." In Cute Go, stones in atari display a worried expression to alert you to the danger!
The suicide rule states that you cannot place a stone in a position where it would have zero liberties -- unless doing so captures opponent stones.
In other words: if placing a stone would result in your stone (or group) having no liberties AND it would not capture any opponent stones, that move is illegal.
However, if placing a stone captures opponent stones (thereby gaining liberties), the move is legal. This situation occurs frequently in actual games and is an important part of Go tactics.
If you place a stone on a seemingly "zero-liberty" position, but that move captures adjacent opponent stones, then after the capture your stone gains liberties -- the move is perfectly legal!
The Ko rule prevents infinite repetition in Go. When one player captures a single stone, and the other player could immediately recapture at the same position, it would create an endless loop.
The Ko rule states: the player whose stone was just captured cannot immediately recapture. They must first play elsewhere on the board (called a "ko threat"), and only then may they recapture.
Just remember one thing: after your stone is captured, you cannot immediately take it back -- you must play somewhere else first. In Cute Go, illegal ko positions are marked to help you avoid violations.
Go has a unique way of ending the game:
The game ends when both players consecutively choose to "Pass". This signals that both players agree there are no more worthwhile moves to play.
In formal games, when a player believes they cannot recover, they may choose to resign, ending the game early. This is very common in professional matches.
When you are first learning, not knowing when to Pass is perfectly normal. Cute Go's AI will Pass at appropriate times, and you can follow its lead. After a few games, you will naturally develop a sense for when the game is over.
After the game ends, both sides' scores are calculated to determine the winner. Go has two mainstream scoring methods:
Each player counts: living stones on the board + surrounded empty points
The player with the higher total wins. This method is more intuitive and is used in China and most online platforms.
Each player counts: surrounded empty points + captured opponent stones
The player with the higher total wins. This method is used in Japan and Korea.
Cute Go uses a simplified scoring approach -- the player with more stones on the board wins. This is the easiest method to understand and is perfect for beginners. As your skills improve, you can learn the more complex official scoring rules.
Because Black has the advantage of playing first, White receives extra compensation points called "komi." Chinese rules use 7.5 points komi, while Japanese rules use 6.5 points. The half-point is designed to prevent draws.
Here is a concise summary of all core Go rules:
| Rule | Description |
|---|---|
| Board | Grid pattern; standard 19x19; 5x5 to 9x9 recommended for beginners |
| Stones | Two colors (black and white), placed on intersections |
| First Move | Black plays first |
| Placement | Stones cannot move once placed |
| Liberties | Empty adjacent intersections (up, down, left, right) |
| Capture | Stones with zero liberties are captured and removed |
| Suicide Rule | Cannot place a stone with zero liberties (unless it captures) |
| Ko Rule | Cannot immediately recapture a just-captured stone; must play elsewhere first |
| Game End | Both players pass consecutively |
| Winning | The player with more territory + stones wins |
You now know all the fundamental rules of Go! You are ready to start playing. Remember: while the rules are simple, Go's depth reveals itself through practice. Enjoy every game -- every move is growth.
Now that you know the rules, the best way to learn is to play lots of games! Here is our recommended learning path: